CLLD Concepticon 3.4.0 -

Concept to read [english]

Language	Gloss
English	to read

Metadata

Gloss_in_source:: to read
Domain:: Mental acts and states
Target_concepts:: [{'ID': 'Zalizniak-2024-4583-3675', 'NAME': 'to learn, study', 'Polysemy': 24, 'Derivation': 0, 'PolysemyByFamily': 4, 'DerivationByFamily': 0, 'Polysemy_Lexemes': ['2509', '2511', '2549', '2550', '2551', '2552', '2553', '2554', '2555', '2556', '2557', '2558', '2559', '2560', '2561', '2562', '2563', '2564', '2565', '2566', '2567', '2570', '2571', '2575'], 'Derivation_Lexemes': [], 'Polysemy_Shifts': ['shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370'], 'Derivation_Shifts': [], 'Polysemy_Families': ['Kra–Dai', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Altaic', 'Altaic', 'Altaic', 'Altaic', 'Altaic', 'Altaic', 'Altaic', 'Altaic', 'Afro-Asiatic'], 'Derivation_Families': []}, {'ID': 'Zalizniak-2024-4583-3952', 'NAME': 'to scold', 'Polysemy': 0, 'Derivation': 1, 'PolysemyByFamily': 0, 'DerivationByFamily': 1, 'Polysemy_Lexemes': [], 'Derivation_Lexemes': ['21118'], 'Polysemy_Shifts': [], 'Derivation_Shifts': ['shift4377'], 'Polysemy_Families': [], 'Derivation_Families': ['Indo-European']}, {'ID': 'Zalizniak-2024-4583-4031', 'NAME': 'to speak', 'Polysemy': 2, 'Derivation': 0, 'PolysemyByFamily': 2, 'DerivationByFamily': 0, 'Polysemy_Lexemes': ['26296', '26303'], 'Derivation_Lexemes': [], 'Polysemy_Shifts': ['shift6191', 'shift6191'], 'Derivation_Shifts': [], 'Polysemy_Families': ['Indo-European', 'Uralic'], 'Derivation_Families': []}]
Linked_concepts:: [{'ID': 'Zalizniak-2024-4583-3234', 'NAME': 'to call', 'Polysemy': 6, 'Derivation': 0, 'PolysemyByFamily': 3, 'DerivationByFamily': 0, 'Polysemy_Lexemes': ['147', '149', '150', '151', '152', '153'], 'Derivation_Lexemes': [], 'Polysemy_Shifts': ['shift0010', 'shift0010', 'shift0010', 'shift0010', 'shift0010', 'shift0010'], 'Derivation_Shifts': [], 'Polysemy_Families': ['Altaic', 'Afro-Asiatic', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Northeast Caucasian'], 'Derivation_Families': []}, {'ID': 'Zalizniak-2024-4583-3231', 'NAME': 'to calculate, count', 'Polysemy': 33, 'Derivation': 2, 'PolysemyByFamily': 14, 'DerivationByFamily': 2, 'Polysemy_Lexemes': ['167', '168', '169', '170', '171', '172', '173', '174', '175', '176', '177', '178', '180', '182', '184', '185', '186', '187', '188', '189', '190', '191', '192', '194', '196', '197', '198', '199', '200', '201', '202', '203', '204'], 'Derivation_Lexemes': ['179', '195'], 'Polysemy_Shifts': ['shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012', 'shift0012'], 'Derivation_Shifts': ['shift0012', 'shift0012'], 'Polysemy_Families': ['Austronesian', 'Uralic', 'Austronesian', 'Austronesian', 'Sumerian', 'Uto-Aztecan', 'Austronesian', 'Chukotko-Kamchatkan', 'Uralic', 'Atlantic–Congo', 'Austronesian', 'Uralic', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Austronesian', 'Austronesian', '', 'Uralic', 'Chukotko-Kamchatkan', 'Eastern Sudanic', 'Mayan', 'Austronesian', 'Na-Dené', 'Chukotko-Kamchatkan', 'Austronesian', 'Uralic', 'Uralic', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Altaic', 'Afro-Asiatic', 'Yukaghir', 'Uralic', 'Uralic', 'Uralic'], 'Derivation_Families': ['Indo-European', 'Austronesian']}, {'ID': 'Zalizniak-2024-4583-3675', 'NAME': 'to learn, study', 'Polysemy': 42, 'Derivation': 0, 'PolysemyByFamily': 12, 'DerivationByFamily': 0, 'Polysemy_Lexemes': ['2510', '2512', '2513', '2514', '2515', '2517', '2518', '2519', '2520', '2521', '2522', '2523', '2524', '2525', '2526', '2527', '2528', '2529', '2530', '2531', '2532', '2533', '2534', '2535', '2536', '2537', '2538', '2539', '2540', '2541', '2542', '2543', '2544', '2545', '2546', '2547', '2548', '2568', '2569', '2572', '2573', '2574'], 'Derivation_Lexemes': [], 'Polysemy_Shifts': ['shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370', 'shift0370'], 'Derivation_Shifts': [], 'Polysemy_Families': ['Northeast Caucasian', 'Northwest Caucasian', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Altaic', 'Indo-European', 'Atlantic–Congo', 'Austronesian', 'Uralic', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Afro-Asiatic', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Sino-Tibetan', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Atlantic–Congo', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Niger–Congo', 'Atlantic–Congo', 'Sino-Tibetan', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Indo-European', 'Dravidian', 'Indo-European', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Altaic', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Altaic', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Northeast Caucasian', 'Sino-Tibetan', 'Austroasiatic', 'Dravidian', 'Sino-Tibetan', 'Northeast Caucasian'], 'Derivation_Families': []}, {'ID': 'Zalizniak-2024-4583-3995', 'NAME': 'to sing', 'Polysemy': 5, 'Derivation': 0, 'PolysemyByFamily': 3, 'DerivationByFamily': 0, 'Polysemy_Lexemes': ['17099', '17107', '17108', '17109', '17110'], 'Derivation_Lexemes': [], 'Polysemy_Shifts': ['shift3212', 'shift3212', 'shift3212', 'shift3212', 'shift3212'], 'Derivation_Shifts': [], 'Polysemy_Families': ['Arawakan', 'Niger–Congo', 'Niger–Congo', 'Atlantic–Congo', 'Niger–Congo'], 'Derivation_Families': []}, {'ID': 'Zalizniak-2024-4583-3265', 'NAME': 'to choose', 'Polysemy': 1, 'Derivation': 0, 'PolysemyByFamily': 1, 'DerivationByFamily': 0, 'Polysemy_Lexemes': ['18277'], 'Derivation_Lexemes': [], 'Polysemy_Shifts': ['shift3621'], 'Derivation_Shifts': [], 'Polysemy_Families': ['Arawan'], 'Derivation_Families': []}, {'ID': 'Zalizniak-2024-4583-3959', 'NAME': 'to see/to look at', 'Polysemy': 2, 'Derivation': 0, 'PolysemyByFamily': 2, 'DerivationByFamily': 0, 'Polysemy_Lexemes': ['18746', '18747'], 'Derivation_Lexemes': [], 'Polysemy_Shifts': ['shift3740', 'shift3740'], 'Derivation_Shifts': [], 'Polysemy_Families': ['Pama–Nyungan', 'Sino-Tibetan'], 'Derivation_Families': []}, {'ID': 'Zalizniak-2024-4583-3952', 'NAME': 'to scold', 'Polysemy': 1, 'Derivation': 0, 'PolysemyByFamily': 1, 'DerivationByFamily': 0, 'Polysemy_Lexemes': ['21117'], 'Derivation_Lexemes': [], 'Polysemy_Shifts': ['shift4377'], 'Derivation_Shifts': [], 'Polysemy_Families': ['Austronesian'], 'Derivation_Families': []}, {'ID': 'Zalizniak-2024-4583-3078', 'NAME': 'to ask, inquire', 'Polysemy': 1, 'Derivation': 0, 'PolysemyByFamily': 1, 'DerivationByFamily': 0, 'Polysemy_Lexemes': ['26006'], 'Derivation_Lexemes': [], 'Polysemy_Shifts': ['shift6064'], 'Derivation_Shifts': [], 'Polysemy_Families': ['Northeast Caucasian'], 'Derivation_Families': []}, {'ID': 'Zalizniak-2024-4583-4031', 'NAME': 'to speak', 'Polysemy': 5, 'Derivation': 0, 'PolysemyByFamily': 4, 'DerivationByFamily': 0, 'Polysemy_Lexemes': ['26297', '26298', '26299', '26300', '26301'], 'Derivation_Lexemes': [], 'Polysemy_Shifts': ['shift6191', 'shift6191', 'shift6191', 'shift6191', 'shift6191'], 'Derivation_Shifts': [], 'Polysemy_Families': ['Austronesian', 'Chocoan', 'Indo-European', 'Afro-Asiatic', 'Indo-European'], 'Derivation_Families': []}]

Concept set:: READ
Concept list:: Zalizniak 2024 4583; This is the most recent dump of the DatSemShift database, which was retrieved on February 5 (2024) from the database and then converted to CLDF. The data contains several duplicates, which we have marked by a preceding asterisk, leaving them unlinked to Concepticon and also ignoring them in the network representations.